Abstract
This article presents a general approach to analyzing the cognitive and functional characteristics of indirect naming (such as metaphor, metonymy, and periphrasis) in texts. Indirect naming not only reveals the complex and creative capacities of language, but also reflects how the human mind perceives and conceptualizes the world. Studying indirect naming contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationship between language and cognition and highlights the necessity of expanding research in this field through experimental and interdisciplinary methods in the future.